Industry Data

Phase 3 · Incident Reporting

Voluntary incident reporting for a safer sector

Near-misses and close calls tell us more about sector safety than serious incidents do. This module captures what mandatory WorkSafe reporting cannot — the leading indicators that allow the sector to learn before something goes badly wrong.

Mandatory WorkSafe reporting

Deaths, notifiable injuries, and adventure-specific incidents (under Regulations 19A and 19B since April 2024) must be reported to WorkSafe directly and immediately.

Report to WorkSafe

Voluntary sector reporting (this module)

Near-misses, minor incidents, equipment concerns, and below-threshold events submitted here are fully anonymised and used only for sector-level safety learning and aggregate reporting. No individual or organisation can be identified from the data.

The NZ sector data gap — officially documented

MBIE Targeted Review of Adventure Activities (2022)

"Data on serious harm other than fatalities in the sector is limited, so fatality data was adopted as the best available representation of serious harm."

NZ Mountain Safety Council National Incident Database

The NID collected voluntary incident reports from 2004 and published sector analyses from 2009 to 2012. It then went inactive. No equivalent database has replaced it.

MBIE 2021 Consultation: Adventure Activities — Keeping It Safe

Explicitly proposed "introducing an online log of notifiable events the adventure activities sector can access." This proposal has not been fully implemented as a sector-facing resource.

Why near-misses are the most valuable data

Heinrich's Triangle (a foundational safety model) estimates that for every serious injury there are approximately 29 minor injuries and 300 near-miss events. Near-misses are leading indicators — they reveal the conditions that produce harm before harm occurs.

Mandatory WorkSafe reporting captures the tip of this pyramid — fatalities and serious harm. The voluntary sector database captures everything below — the 99% of events that signal where the sector's risk profile is heading.

Fatalities / serious harm
Notifiable injuries (WorkSafe)
Medical treatment incidents
Minor incidents — captured here
Near-misses — the most valuable data

Privacy and legal framework

No safe harbour in NZ law

Unlike aviation (where the CAA has statutory protections for voluntary self-reporting), HSWA 2015 does not provide legal immunity for voluntary incident disclosure. This system is designed around full anonymisation to eliminate that risk entirely.

Zero identification in outputs

No operator name, individual name, specific location, or data combination that could identify an organisation or person appears in any published output. Minimum cell size suppression applies.

Not shared with WorkSafe

Data submitted to this voluntary database is not shared with WorkSafe, insurers, the Police, the Coroner, or any third party. The database is operated exclusively for sector safety learning and aggregate reporting.

Separation from mandatory reporting

This system is explicitly scoped to non-notifiable events. If an incident meets the WorkSafe notifiable threshold, the form directs you to WorkSafe's notification portal — we do not capture notifiable event details.

NZ Privacy Act 2020

All collection, storage, and use of data complies with the Privacy Act 2020 Information Privacy Principles. A Privacy Impact Assessment has been completed. Data is stored on NZ-based servers.

Sector benefit only

Reports are published as aggregate sector statistics — not organisation-level benchmarks. The data belongs to the sector, not to any commercial entity.

Sector safety dashboard

Sample data — for illustration
Illustrative data showing what the safety dashboard will display once organisations begin submitting voluntary reports. All figures are representative only.
312

Reports submitted

2024 season

83%

Near-misses

The most valuable data

4.1

Near-misses per serious incident

Sector ratio

14

Activity disciplines represented

Incident severity distribution

% of total reports by severity level

Near-miss / close call
83%
Minor (no medical treatment)
10%
Medical treatment required
5%
Serious harm / hospitalisation
2%

Contributing factors

% of reports identifying each factor (multi-select)

Supervision / leadership decisions
54%
Environmental (weather / terrain)
48%
Participant behaviour / skill gap
41%
Equipment condition or use
27%
Activity design / risk assessment
22%
Organisational / policy factors
14%

Reports by activity

% of total reports

White water rafting
22%
Rock climbing / abseiling
20%
Mountaineering / alpine
16%
Kayaking / sea kayaking
15%
High ropes / ziplines
12%
All other activities
15%

Seasonal pattern

% of annual reports by quarter

Summer (Dec–Feb)
Peak season
42%
Autumn (Mar–May)
24%
Winter (Jun–Aug)
Snow season peak
18%
Spring (Sep–Nov)
16%

Contributing factors — a systems-thinking approach

Research (Goode et al., 2014; Wilderness and Environmental Medicine) found that "people, equipment, environment" categories are insufficient — causal factors occur at every level of the system. This module uses a six-level taxonomy based on the UPLOADS (Outdoor Council of Australia) model.

Person

Participant skill level, behaviour, fitness, experience, judgement

Equipment

Condition, suitability, maintenance, correct use, inspection

Environment

Weather, terrain, natural hazards, water conditions, visibility

Task / activity design

Programme design, risk assessment quality, group/environment match

Supervision / leadership

Guide or instructor decisions, group management, communication

Organisation / system

Policies, procedures, staffing levels, training, culture, oversight

Submit an incident report

Fully anonymous. No organisation or individual can be identified. Takes approximately 5 minutes.